Animals Facts

Shark Facts

Sharks do not have a single bone in their bodies. Instead they have a skeleton made up of cartilage; the same type of tough, flexible tissue that makes up human ears and noses.

Some sharks remain on the move for their entire lives. This forces water over their gills, delivering oxygen to the blood stream. If the shark stops moving then it will suffocate and die.

Sharks have outstanding hearing. They can hear a fish thrashing in the water from as far as 500 metres away!

If a shark was put into a large swimming pool, it would be able to smell a single drop of blood in the water.

Although most species of shark are less than one metre long, there are some species such as the whale shark, which can be 14 metres long.

A pup (baby shark) is born ready to take care of itself. The mother shark leaves the pup to fend for itself and the pup usually makes a fast get away before the mother tries to eat it!

Not all species of shark give birth to live pups. Some species lay the egg case on the ocean floor and the pup hatches later on its own.

Great whites are the deadliest shark in the ocean. These powerful predators can race through the water at 30 km per hour.

Unlike other species of shark, the great white is warm-blooded. Although the great white does not keep a constant body temperature, it needs to eat a lot of meat in order to be able to regulate its temperature.

A shark always has a row of smaller teeth developing behind its front teeth. Eventually the smaller teeth move forward, like a conveyor belt, and the front teeth fall out.

Science Experiments For Kids

Melting Chocolate

Enjoy this simple melting chocolate experiment for kids. You've no doubt experienced chocolate melting on a hot day, so let's do some experiments to recreate these conditions as well as a few others before comparing results and coming to some conclusions. At what temperature does chocolate go from a solid to a liquid ? Is it different for white and dark chocolate? Give this fun science experiment a try and find out!

What you'll need:

♦ Small chocolate pieces of the same size (chocolate bar squares or chocolate chips are a good idea)
♦ Paper plates
♦ Pen and paper to record your results


Instructions:

① Put one piece of chocolate on a paper plate and put it outside in the shade.
② Record how long it took for the chocolate to melt or if it wasn't hot enough to melt then record how soft it was after 10 minutes.
③ Repeat the process with a piece of chocolate on a plate that you put outside in the sun. Record your results in the same way.
④ Find more interesting locations to test how long it takes for the chocolate pieces to melt. You could try your school bag, hot water or even your own mouth.
⑤ Compare your results, in what conditions did the chocolate melt? You might also like to record the temperatures of the locations you used using a thermometer so you can think about what temperature chocolate melts at.



What's happening?

At a certain temperature your chocolate pieces undergo a physical change, from a solid to a liquid (or somewhere in between). On a hot day, sunlight is usually enough to melt chocolate, something you might have unfortunately already experienced. You can also reverse the process by putting the melted chocolate into a fridge or freezer where it will go from a liquid back to a solid.


The chocolate probably melted quite fast if you tried putting a piece in your mouth, what does this tell you about the temperature of your body?

 For further testing and experiments you could compare white choclate and dark chocolate, do they melt at the same temperature? 

How about putting a sheet of aluminium foil between a paper plate and a piece of chocolate in the sun, what happens then?

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